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Dietary Advice for Patients with Kidney Stones
- Drinking enough fluid is the most important aspect of preventing stone formation
- Aim to drink 2-3 liters of fluid each day to maintain urine colour light
- Lemonade and orange juice have a preventative effort on kidney stone formation
- Adequate intake of calcium from natural food: 1000-1200mg per day
- Milk and its products including yogurt, cream and cheese
- Calcium supplements should be avioded
- Bean products - Tofu, red and green beans
- Avoid oxalates-rich food such as:
- Rhubarb, spinach, beetroot, strawberries, black tea, chocolate and nuts;
- It is not necessary to exclude oxalate rich food completely; eat them in small amounts.
- Tea is allowed in moderation, better to be taken with milk.
- Avoid large doses of supplemental Vitamin C.
- Intake of meat and protein
- High intake of animal protein increase risk of stone formation
- Avoid large portion of red meat
- Limit animal protein: 0.8-1g/kg/per day
- Restrict the amount of salt intake
- High salt intake can contribute to calcium stone formation
- Keep salt intake to 4-5g/day (1 teaspoon of salt contains 2.5g)
- Avoid high salt processed food (e.g. pizza, salted chips or nuts, canned food, smoked fish)
- Take food rich in fiber like fruits and vegetables, corn and wheat.
- Maintain normal body weight as obesity is a significant risk factor for stones
BMI>30 have 2 times the risk of stone formation compared to those with BMI less than 25.